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4 APPARATUS FOR MAKING ILLUMINATING GAS. "No; 247,650.

Patented Sept. 27, 1881.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES W. ISBELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING ILLUMINATING-GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 247,650, dated September 27, 1881. Application filed October 1, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Cinemas W. ISBELL, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Making Illuminating-Gas, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus in which steam is introduced into the retorts during the distillation of the coal, the steam being generally superheated by arranging a considerable length of steam-pipe within the retort. L

The invention consists in the combination, with a gas-retort, of a superheater arranged therein and composed ofa series of pipes connected at their adjacent ends to form a continuous circuitous passage, and ajacket or covering formed by casting molten iron around said pipes, a steam-supply pipe entering theretort and communicating directly with one end of said circuitous passage, and an outlet from the other end of said passage directly into the retort, whereby 1 form a long passage, in passing through which the steam becomes highly snperheated,a1nl whereby the pipes are protected against oxidation and being burned out.

of, both being similar to retorts ordinarily in use.

B designates a superheater arranged within the retort, and adapted to deliver superheated steam at the rear end of the retort. The superheater is supplied with steam by a pipe, at. The superheater B (see Figs. 3 and 4:) is composed of several pipes connected at their adjacent ends to form a circuitous passage. In this instance three pipes, c, d, and e, are employed. The pipe cis provided with a T, f, in the retort-head A and g designates a pipe passing through the side of the retort-head, and forming a connection between the steam inlet or supply pipe a and the passage formed by the pipes.

The pipes c, d, and e are connected at their adjacent ends by elbows, and the steam passes through the pipe 0 to the rear of the retort, thence back to the front through the pipe d, and finally through the pipe 6 to the rear of the retort.-

The pipes c, d, and e, if left-uncovered, would rapidly oxidize, and would soon burn out by the intense heat of the retort; and to obviate this difficulty I inclose the pipe in a DJEISS,]L, of cast-iron, which is cast around the pipes after they are all connected, and forms a proteotingjacket or covering.

After the distillation of the first charge of coal, a portion of the residual coke is removed and the remainder is shoved back to the rear end of the retort, as shown at b, Fig. 1, after which the retort is charged with fresh coal in front of the coke b.

The superheater B has its steam-outlet, as before stated, near the rear end of the retort, and upon the commencement of the distillation the superheated steam beingdecomposed, its oxygen and hydrogen pass first through the residual coke 1), taking up the carbon retained therein, and tormingcarbonic oxide and hydrogen. The carbonic onide and hydrogen thence pass into the fresh coal and unite with the carbnreted hydrogen distilled therefrom to form a permanent or perfected illuminating-gas.

It will be seen that. by my invention 1 provide a. very long passage, in passing through which the steam is thoroughly superheated, and that the pipes forming said passage are adequately protected and preserved.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination, with a gas-retort, of a superheater arranged therein and composed of a series of pipes connected at their adjacent ends, so as to form a circuitous passage, and a jacket or covering formed by casting molten iron around said pipes, a steam-supply pipe entering the retort and communicating directly with one end of said passage, and an outlet from the other end of said passage directly into the retort, substantially as herein specified.

CHAS. W. ISBELL.

Witnesses FREDK. HAYNES, A. (J. WEBB.

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